Haze is caused by dry particles like dust or smoke suspended in the atmosphere, reducing visibility, distinct from mist or fog which involve moisture.

The 'Loo' is a strong, hot, and dry summer afternoon wind that blows over the Indo-Gangetic plains, known for its high temperatures.

Isobars are lines drawn on a weather map to connect locations having the same barometric pressure at a given time.

The majority of the Balochistan plateau experiences an arid and semi-arid climate characterized by very low rainfall and high temperature fluctuations.

El Niño is a climate pattern that describes the unusual warming of surface waters in the eastern tropical Pacific Ocean.

A rain shadow is a dry area on the leeward side of a mountainous area, where mountains block the passage of rain-producing weather systems.

Carbon dioxide is the primary greenhouse gas emitted through human activities, leading to the entrapment of heat in the Earth's atmosphere.

The troposphere is the lowest layer of the atmosphere where almost all weather events occur.

The normal lapse rate is the rate at which atmospheric temperature decreases with an increase in altitude.

During the day, land heats up faster than the sea, creating low pressure over land, causing air to flow from the high-pressure sea to the low-pressure land.

Pre-monsoon refers to the convective thunderstorms and rain that often occur in northern and central Pakistan in May and June.

Quetta and its surrounding areas receive a significant portion of their annual rainfall during the winter due to Western Disturbances, typical of Mediterranean climates.

A lysimeter is used to measure the amount of actual evapotranspiration which is released from plants and soil.

Wind shear is a difference in wind speed and/or direction over a relatively short distance in the atmosphere.

Oceans are the largest active carbon sinks on Earth, absorbing a significant portion of anthropogenic carbon dioxide emissions.

The dew point is the temperature at which air is saturated with water vapor, leading to condensation.

Thermal inversion acts as a lid, trapping pollutants near the surface because the normal decrease in temperature with height is reversed.

The Reko Diq mine located in the Chagai District of Balochistan is known for its massive copper and gold deposits.

Thar coalfields in the Tharparkar district of Sindh contain the largest lignite coal reserves in Pakistan.