Ihram is the sacred state that a Muslim enters to perform the rites of Hajj or Umrah, involving specific clothing for men and restrictions on behavior.

Miqat refers to the specific stations or boundary points established by the Prophet (PBUH) where pilgrims must enter into the state of Ihram.

Ramal is a practice of walking briskly with a firm step, showing strength, which is sunnah during the first three rounds of Tawaf for men.

The Hajj-e-Tamattu or Qiran requires the sacrifice of an animal known as Hadi, which can be a sheep, goat, cow, or camel.

Tawaf-e-Wida (Farewell Tawaf) is the final rite performed by a pilgrim before departing from the city of Makkah.

The 9th of Dhul-Hijjah is the day of Arafat, where the central ritual of Hajj occurs through Wuquf (staying) in the plains of Arafat.

A pilgrim must throw 7 pebbles at each of the three Jamarat on the 11th, 12th, and 13th of Dhul-Hijjah, totaling 49 pebbles (7 for each of the three on three days plus the 7 thrown on the 10th).

According to the majority of scholars, Sa'i is a pillar (Rukan) of Hajj, not merely a Wajib, but within the classification of rituals, it is essential; however, the question focuses on the distinction between Rukan and Wajib where Sa'i is essential.

Hajj-e-Tamattu involves performing Umrah, exiting the state of Ihram, and then entering into a new Ihram for Hajj.

Meeqat refers to the designated stations or boundaries established by the Prophet (PBUH) which a pilgrim must cross in the state of Ihram if they intend to perform Hajj or Umrah.

Spending the night in Mina on the 8th of Dhul-Hijjah (the night before Arafah) is considered a Sunnah act of Hajj, whereas the stay at Arafat is a pillar (Rukan).

It is Sunnah to perform two Rak'ats of prayer behind Maqam-e-Ibrahim (or anywhere in the Haram) immediately after completing the seven rounds of Tawaf.

On the 10th of Dhul-Hijjah (Yaum-un-Nahr), the pilgrim only stones the Jamarat al-Aqaba (the largest pillar).

Dam is a sacrificial penalty imposed on a pilgrim for committing certain violations of the rules of Ihram or missing a Wajib act of Hajj.

Hajj-e-Qiran is the type of Hajj where the pilgrim combines Umrah and Hajj together, remaining in the state of Ihram until the Hajj rituals are completed.

Idtiba is a Sunnah act during the Tawaf of Umrah or the arrival Tawaf, where a man uncovers his right shoulder to signify strength.

The 8th of Dhul-Hijjah is called Yaum-e-Tarwiyah, the day when pilgrims traditionally gathered water and prepared to head toward Mina.

Ihsar refers to the condition where a pilgrim is 'blocked' or prevented from completing the rituals of Hajj or Umrah after entering the state of Ihram.

Spending the night in Muzdalifah after leaving Arafat is a Wajib (obligatory) act of Hajj, and it is the location where pilgrims traditionally collect pebbles for stoning the Jamarat.