Qada refers to the performance of an obligatory act (like fasting) outside its prescribed time due to a valid excuse.

Chronic illness that prevents fasting allows for exemption; however, the person may be required to pay Fidyah if they cannot make up the days later.

Fidyah is the compensation paid by those who are unable to fast due to permanent old age or chronic sickness.

According to the Hanafi school of thought, the distance for Shar'i travel (Safar) is approximately 48 miles or 77-80 km.

Fasting on the two Eid days is strictly forbidden (Haram/Makruh Tahrimi).

The Prophet (PBUH) stated that if a fasting person eats or drinks due to forgetfulness, Allah has fed them; the fast remains valid.

Kaffarah (expiation) is mandatory for those who break their fast during Ramadan intentionally through food, drink, or intercourse.

Fasting starts from Subh-e-Sadiq (the true dawn) and ends at sunset (Maghrib).

Niyyah is the spiritual intention required for the validity of fasting, as per the Hadith 'Actions are by intentions'.

It is haram for a menstruating woman to fast, and she must make up the missed days after Ramadan.

Excessive gargling or sniffing water into the nose is considered makruh because it increases the risk of water accidentally entering the throat.

I'tikaf is the practice of secluding oneself in a mosque for the purpose of worship, typically during the last ten days of Ramadan.

Breaking a Ramadan fast intentionally without a valid excuse necessitates both Qada (making up the day) and Kaffarah (expiation).

For obligatory fasts like Ramadan, the intention must be established before the break of dawn (Fajr).

A fast taken upon oneself via a vow (Nathr) becomes obligatory (Wajib) to fulfill.

According to most scholars, since the medication reaches the bronchial tubes and enters the body, it invalidates the fast.

Fasting begins at Subh-e-Sadiq (the true dawn), which marks the beginning of the Fajr prayer time.

Breaking a voluntary (Nafl) fast is permitted, though it is encouraged to complete it if possible.

Travelers who travel the Shari'ah-defined distance for Qasr prayer are granted the concession to break their fast and make it up later.