A rain gauge (also known as a udometer or pluviometer) is used to measure the amount of liquid precipitation over a set period.

The Vernal Equinox occurs around March 21 and marks the beginning of spring in the Northern Hemisphere.

The seasons are caused by the 23.5-degree tilt of the Earth's axis as it orbits the Sun, which changes the angle of sunlight hitting the surface.

Orographic rainfall is caused by air being forced to rise over mountains, cooling and condensing as it rises.

The Westerlies are the prevailing winds in the middle latitudes, blowing from the west toward the east, driving most weather systems.

The Doldrums, or Intertropical Convergence Zone (ITCZ), is a region near the equator where trade winds converge and winds are often calm.

A sea breeze occurs during the day when the land heats up faster than the sea, creating low pressure over the land.

The Winter Solstice, occurring around December 21, marks the day with the fewest hours of daylight in the Northern Hemisphere.

Relative humidity is the ratio, expressed as a percentage, of the current amount of water vapor in the air to the maximum amount the air could hold at that temperature.

Tropical cyclones derive their energy primarily from the latent heat released when moist air condenses into clouds and rain.

The Horse Latitudes are subtropical high-pressure belts located between 30 and 35 degrees latitude, characterized by calm winds and dry weather.

As air descends on the leeward side of a mountain, it compresses and warms adiabatically, which lowers relative humidity and inhibits precipitation.

Cumulonimbus clouds are dense, towering vertical clouds that frequently produce lightning, thunder, and intense precipitation.

The monsoon is a seasonal prevailing wind in the region of South Asia, blowing from the southwest between May and September and bringing rain.

In meteorology, a front is a weather system that is the boundary separating two different types of air masses.

Trade winds are the permanent east-to-west prevailing winds that flow in the Earth's equatorial region and are significantly affected by the Coriolis force.

An isohyet is a line on a map connecting points that have the same amount of precipitation in a given period.

The troposphere is the lowest layer of Earth's atmosphere and is where virtually all weather phenomena occur.

High-pressure systems involve sinking air, which suppresses cloud formation and typically results in clear, stable weather.