The Mohorovicic Discontinuity, or Moho, marks the transition between the Earth's crust and the denser mantle.

The outer core is liquid and consists primarily of molten iron and nickel; its movement is responsible for generating Earth's magnetic field.

The lithosphere is the rigid, outermost shell of the Earth, consisting of the crust and the brittle upper part of the mantle.

Plate tectonics is the scientific theory describing the large-scale motion of the plates making up Earth's lithosphere.

The inner core is a dense ball primarily composed of iron and nickel, kept in a solid state due to extreme pressure.

Transform boundaries occur where plates slide past one another; these areas are frequent sites of earthquakes.

Convection currents in the liquid iron-nickel outer core create the dynamo effect that produces Earth's magnetic field.

A subduction zone is a convergent boundary where one plate moves under another and sinks into the mantle.

The oceanic crust is the thinnest layer of the Earth, generally ranging from 5 to 10 kilometers in thickness.

The Gutenberg Discontinuity separates the lower mantle from the liquid outer core.

The mantle is the thickest layer of the Earth and comprises the vast majority of its volume.

Convection currents in the mantle, driven by heat from radioactive decay, facilitate plate tectonics.

The Moho discontinuity marks the interface between the crust and the uppermost mantle.

Pangaea was the supercontinent that existed during the late Paleozoic and early Mesozoic eras.

The asthenosphere is the semi-fluid, ductile part of the upper mantle below the lithosphere.

The two primary types of Earth's crust are continental crust and oceanic crust.

At divergent boundaries, tectonic plates move apart, allowing magma to rise and create new oceanic crust.

The Earth's core is primarily composed of an iron-nickel alloy.

Alfred Wegener proposed the Continental Drift hypothesis, suggesting continents moved over time.