Functional programming is a paradigm that treats computation as the evaluation of mathematical functions and avoids changing-state and mutable data.

Declarative programming is a style of building programs that expresses the logic of a computation without describing its control flow.

In OOP, the fundamental building blocks are objects, which are instances of classes, containing both data and behaviors.

Haskell is a standardized, general-purpose, purely functional programming language with non-strict semantics and strong static typing.

Inheritance is the mechanism by which one class is allowed to inherit the features (fields and methods) of another class.

Procedural and imperative programming often rely on mutable state, which makes code more susceptible to side effects compared to pure functional programming.

A higher-order function is a function that does at least one of the following: takes one or more functions as arguments, or returns a function as its result.

Polymorphism is the provision of a single interface to entities of different types, allowing the same method call to behave differently based on the object instance.

Functional programming is a paradigm that models software as the evaluation of pure mathematical functions, emphasizing immutability.

Encapsulation restricts direct access to internal object states and bundles data and methods to protect the integrity of the object.

Procedural programming is a subset of imperative programming, where the programmer defines the specific steps the computer must take to reach the desired state.

In functional programming, functions are first-class citizens, meaning they can be assigned to variables, passed as arguments, and returned from other functions.

C is the archetypal procedural programming language, focusing on blocks of code (functions/procedures) rather than objects or pure functions.

Polymorphism allows objects of different classes to be treated as instances of a common superclass through a unified interface.

A pure function is deterministic and does not cause side effects, which is a core tenant of the functional paradigm.

Procedural programming typically follows a top-down design where complex tasks are broken down into smaller, manageable procedures.

The four pillars of OOP are Abstraction, Encapsulation, Inheritance, and Polymorphism. Recursion is a programming technique, not an OOP pillar.

Functional programming mandates immutability, meaning state cannot be modified after it is created.

Python is the industry standard for Data Science and AI due to its extensive libraries like Pandas, TensorFlow, and PyTorch.